What Are Dental Implants Made Of?

Materials Used in Dental Implants

The performance of a dental implant largely depends on the material used to fabricate it. Two types dominate modern implantology: titanium and zirconia. Each offers distinct properties that align with the clinical and personal needs of different patients.

Titanium Implants

Titanium has been the industry standard for decades. Its success lies in a unique combination of strength, low weight, and exceptional biocompatibility. When implanted, titanium undergoes a process called osseointegration—fusing with the jawbone to form a stable base for the artificial tooth. This bond is strong and enduring, capable of supporting regular bite forces for many years.

Another advantage is titanium’s resistance to corrosion. Inside the human mouth—a moist, bioactive environment—that resistance is critical. It helps maintain the structural integrity of the implant and prevents degradation over time. Due to its extensive track record and predictability, titanium remains the first choice in most clinical situations.

Zirconia Implants

Zirconia, a ceramic material, serves as an alternative for patients who wish to avoid metal. It naturally resists plaque accumulation better than some metallic surfaces and is chemically stable, even under the stresses of the oral environment. Unlike titanium, zirconia is a single-piece implant in most cases, meaning the abutment and post are manufactured as one solid unit. This can limit customization but also reduces the number of interfaces—potentially lowering the risk of bacterial growth around the implant.

Its color—white or off-white—makes it an aesthetic choice in cases where the implant may be visible through gum tissue. While zirconia is slightly more brittle than titanium, improvements in ceramic engineering have made modern zirconia implants more durable than earlier generations.

Both materials present reliable options for long-term tooth replacement. The selection often depends on clinical considerations, such as oral health and bone structure, as well as personal concerns like metal sensitivity or aesthetic priorities.